Correlación del volumen de entrenamiento en MET-min/semana con el porcentaje de ganancia de VO2p-carga en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de expulsión reducida, sometidos a un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca / Correlation of training volume in MET-min/week with the percentage of estimated VO2p gain in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, undergoing a cardiac rehabilitation program

Resumen Objetivo: La insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por disminución en la capacidad funcional. Los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca y prevención secundaria (PRHCyPS) han mostrado mejorar la calidad de vida y tolerancia al esfuerzo en este grupo de pacientes, pero sus efectos son dependientes del volumen. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar el grado de correlación del volumen de entrenamiento medido en equivalentes metabólicos (MET)-min/semana con el porcentaje de ganancia de consumo pico de oxígeno (VO2p) (MET-carga) posterior a un PRHCyPS en pacientes con IC. Método: Estudio cuasiexperimental que evaluó la ganancia de VO2p (MET-carga) en 31 pacientes posterior a un PRHCyPS, antes y después de una prueba de ejercicio convencional, que consistió en 30 min de entrenamiento dinámico al 70% frecuencia cardíaca de reserva (FCR) durante seis semanas, así como entrenamiento de kinesioterapia e intervención interdisciplinaria. Se calculó el volumen de entrenamiento de cada paciente en MET-min/semana (método de Kaminsky). Se midió el índice de correlación con Rho de Spearman y se consideró significancia estocástica con valor de p < 0.05. Resultados: El 70.6% fueron de sexo masculino, promedio de edad 61.5 ± 8.9 años, con fracción de expulsión del ventrículo izquierdo promedio de 38 ± 4.6%; el 96.8% de la IC fue de origen isquémico; un 55.9, un 29.4 y un 5.9% en clase funcional según la New York Heart Association I, II y III, respectivamente. Con un volumen de entrenamiento promedio de 504.34 ± 164 MET-min/semana. La mayor correlación se obtuvo en las poblaciones de alto riesgo, con una Rho: 0.486 (p = 0.008) por VO2p-carga. Conclusiones: Si bien existe una ganancia sustancial en tolerancia al esfuerzo medido por VO2p-carga, no obtuvimos suficiente grado de correlación entre el volumen de entrenamiento aplicado y la ganancia obtenida.

Abstract Objective: Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by a decrease in functional capacity. Cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention (CR&SP) programs have been shown to improve quality of life and excercise tolerance in this group of patients, but their effects depends on training volume. Our objective is to evaluate the level of correlation of the training volume measured in metabolic equivalents (MET)-min/week with the percentage of peak oxygen consumption (VO2p) gain (estimated MET) after a CR&SP in patients with chronic heart failure. Method: Quasi-experimental study that evaluated the gain of VO2p (estimated MET) in 31 patients after a CR&SP, prior and post-exercise test, which consisted of 30 min of dynamic training at 70% heart rate reserve (HRR) for 6 weeks, with strenght training and interdisciplinary intervention. The training volume of each patient was calculated in MET-min/week (Kaminsky's method). Spearman's Rho correlation index was measured and stochastic significance was considered whith a value of p < 0.05. Results: 70.6% were male, average age 61.5 years ± 8.9, with left ventricular ejection fraction average of 38 ± 4.6%; 96.8% of the heart failure had an ischemic origin; 55.9, 29.4 and 5.9% in New York Heart Association funstional class I, II and III, respectively. With an average training volume of 504.34 ± 164 MET-min/week. The best correlation was obtained in high-risk population with Rhol: 0.486 (p = 0.008) meassured by estimated VO2p. Conclusions: Although there is a substantial gain in excersise tolerance measured by estimated VO2p, we did not obtain a sufficient level of correlation between the volume of training applied and the gain obtained.

Comparação da carga de treinamento de atletas profissionais entre modos de treinos especificos do voleibol e de força / Comparison of the training load of professional athletes between modes of volleyball specific drills and strength conditioning

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a carga de treinamento em três tipos de treinamentos de uma equipe de voleibol profissional.. Participaram do estudo 28 jogadores (26,6 ± 4,7 anos; 91,5 ± 8,5 Kg; 194,1 ± 6,0 cm). Foi realizada uma análise descritiva de 29 sessões de treino técnico, 84 tecnico-tático e 75 de musculação e isoladamente das variáveis que compõem a carga de treinamento, PSE e o tempo de duração da sessão, posteriormente sendo reunidos em média e desvio padrão de acordo com tipo de treino. Para análise dos dados foi adotado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e em seguida aplicou-se o teste Anova Two-Way com o Post Hoc de Tamhane e também foi utilizado o tamanho do efeito para análise das comparações. Os resultados demonstraram respostas significativas e grande tamanho de efeitos quando comparados técnico e técnico-tático com a musculação na carga interna de treinamento TxM (TE=1,2: grande; p= 0,002); TTxM (TE=1,3: grande; p= 0,001) e no tempo de duração da sessão TxM (TE=1,7: grande; p= 0,001); TTxM (TE=2,0: grande; p= 0,001), já a PSE da sessão apresentou apenas uma diferença sigifcativa TTxM (TE= 0,8: moderado; p= 0,001). Os estímulos de treinamentos específicos de quadra como técnico e técnico-tático promoveram maior carga interna nos atletas do que o treino de força, através principalmente pela influencia da variável tempo de duração da sessão que refletiu a carga externa.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the training load in three types of training of a professional volleyball team. Participants were 28 players (26.6 ± 4.7 years, 91.5 ± 8.5 kg; 194.1 ± 6.0 cm). A descriptive analysis of 29 technical training sessions, 84 technical-tactical training sessions and 75 training sessions, and of the variables that compose the training load, PSE and the duration of the session were performed, and were then collected on average and standard deviation according to with type of training. To analyze the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was adopted, and then the Anova Two-Way test was applied with Tamhane's Post Hoc and the effect size was also used for analysis of the comparisons. The results demonstrated significant responses and a large effect size when compared to technical and tactical-to- strength training (T = 1.2: large; p = 0.002); TTxM (TE = 1.3: large, p = 0.001) and the duration of the session / external load in the TxM training (TE = 1.7: large; p = 0.001); TTxM (TE = 2.0: large, p = 0.001), whereas the PSE of the session showed only a sigifcant difference TTxM (TE = 0.8: moderate; p = 0.001). The stimuli of specific training of court as technician and technician-tactician promoted greater internal load in the athletes than the strength training, mainly through the influence of the variable time of the session that reflected to external load.

Influencia del volumen de entrenamiento pliométrico en la carga percibida diferenciada de futbolistas de alto nivel / Influence of Plyometric training volume on differentiated perceived exertion load of High-level soccer players / Influência do volume de treinamento pliométrico no esforço percebido diferenciado de jogadores de futebol de alto nível

Resumen Leceaga, J., Los Arcos, A., Castillo, D, y Yanci, J. (2017). Influencia del volumen de entrenamiento pliométrico en la carga percibida diferenciada de futbolistas de alto nivel. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-17. Los objetivos del estudio fueron describir la carga percibida diferenciada (dRPE CE) en un equipo de fútbol durante seis semanas de entrenamiento, analizar si existen diferencias en la dRPE CE entre grupos que realizan dos entrenamientos de pliometría con distinto volumen y analizar la evolución a lo largo de las semanas de la dRPE en ambos grupos. Se registró la carga percibida mediante la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo respiratorio (RPEres) y muscular (RPEmus) de catorce jugadores de fútbol de un equipo de 2.ª División B de la Liga de Fútbol Española, durante seis semanas. Los jugadores fueron divididos en dos grupos, realizando diferentes volúmenes de entrenamiento de fuerza. El primer grupo (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 años, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) realizó un entrenamiento de pliometría en el eje horizontal, y el segundo grupo (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 años, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) realizó el mismo entrenamiento de fuerza pero con el doble de volumen. Los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en la dRPE CE en ninguna de las seis semanas registradas y tampoco se obtuvieron diferencias en ninguno de los dos grupos en dicho periodo, ni en el RPEres CE ni en el RPEmus CE. Realizar mayor volumen de entrenamiento de pliometría no implica que los jugadores que más volumen han realizado perciban un mayor RPEres CE ni RPEmus CE.

Abstract Leceaga, J., Los Arcos, A., Castillo, D, y Yanci, J. (2017). Influence of plyometric training volume on differentiated perceived exertion load of high-level soccer players. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-17. The purpose of this study was to describe the differentiated perceived exertion load rate (dRPE) in a soccer team during six training weeks analyzing the differences in dRPE between groups having two-plyometric training with different volume and analyze the evolution in both groups. During six weeks, perceived load was registered by the subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE re) and muscular (RPE mu) in 14 soccer players from the 2° División B de la Liga de Fútbol Española [2° B Division of the Soccer Spanish League]. Participants were divided into two groups to work different strength training. The first group (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 years, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) practiced a plyometric training in horizontal axis and the second one (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 years, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) did the same training, but having double strength volume. Along the six weeks, the results did not show either significant differences between the groups in dRPE nor RPE es CE or RPE mus. Performing higher plyometric training does not mean that those who have practiced more volume would perceive higher RPE es or RPE mus.

Resumo Leceaga, J., Los Arcos, A., Castillo, D, y Yanci, J. (2017). Influência do volume de treinamento pliométrico no esforço percebido diferenciado de jogadores de futebol de alto nível. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-17. Os objetivos do estudo foram descrever o esforço percebido diferenciado (dRPE CE) em uma equipe de futebol durante seis semanas de treinamento, analisar se existem diferenças na dRPE CE entre grupos que realizam dois treinamentos de pliometria com volume distinto e analisar a evolução ao longo das semanas da dRPE em ambos os grupos. Foram registrados o esforço percebido através da percepção subjetiva do esforço respiratório (RPEres) e muscular (RPEmus) de catorze jogadores de futebol de uma equipe de 2.ª Divisão B da Liga de Futebol Espanhola, durante seis semanas. Os jogadores foram divididos em dois grupos, realizando diferentes volumes de treinamento de força. O primeiro grupo (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 anos, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) realizou um treinamento de pliometria no eixo horizontal, e o segundo grupo (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 anos, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) realizou o mesmo treinamento de força, porém com o dobro do volume. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo não mostraram diferenças significativas entre ambos os grupos na dRPE CE em nenhuma das seis semanas registradas e também não foram obtidas diferenças em nenhum dos dois grupos no período indicado, nem no RPEres CE e nem no RPEmus CE. Aumentar o volume de treinamento de pliometria não significa que os jogadores que realizaram maior volume percebam consequentemente um maior RPEres CE ou RPEmus CE.

Influence of exercising condition and degree of improvement in sit-to-stand power index during a 12-week Chokin exercise program on exercise continuation after one year / 体力科学

<p>We aimed to elucidate the impact of the conducting state in exercise programs and the degree of improvement in sit-to-stand power index (STS-PI) on the continuation of Chokin exercise by participants one year from the completion of the intervention period. Subjects participated in a 12-week Chokin exercise class for the elderly, which consisted of 10 body mass-based exercises. As variables indicating exercise conditions, the number of exercise days weekly and the total number of sets performed during the intervention period were adopted. STS-PI was calculated using the time required to perform 10-times-repeated sit-to-stand task, and its relative change (%∆STS-PI) was used to represent the degree of improvement in physical function. Among 52 men and 129 women who responded to the inquiry about the continuation of Chokin exercise one year from the completion of the intervention period, 32 men and 93 women confirmed continuation of the exercise program. Logistic regression analysis showed that %∆STS-PI for men, as well as %∆STS-PI and the number of exercise days weekly for women, were factors associated with the decision of subjects to continue the Chokin exercise. These results indicate that the degree of improvement in STS-PI associated with the Chokin exercise class is a factor for continuing the exercise program one year from the completion of the intervention period, at least in elderly men and women. Furthermore, high exercise frequency during the intervention period may be associated with the decision to continue Chokin exercise after the completion of the intervention among women.</p>